1. Them Piles yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob rau cov tsheb hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tshiab, thiab muaj qhov sib txawv hauv kev loj hlob ntawm tsev thiab txawv teb chaws
1.1. Lub tsev them nyiaj yog ib qho khoom siv hluav taws xob ntxiv rau lub zog hluav taws xob tshiab
Cov pawg them nyiaj yog ib qho khoom siv rau lub zog hluav taws xob tshiab los txhawb hluav taws xob hluav taws xob. Nws yog rau lub zog hluav taws xob tshiab seb chav nres tsheb roj yog li cas roj. Qhov kev sib tw thiab cov xwm txheej kev siv ntawm kev them nyiaj uas tau hloov tau ntau dua li cov chaw nres tsheb roj, thiab cov hom kuj tseem muaj kev nplua nuj. Raws li daim ntawv teeb tsa, nws tuaj yeem faib ua cov phab ntsa uas tau rov qab, thiab lwm yam., Uas haum rau cov ntawv sib txawv;
Raws li kev faib tawm ntawm cov xwm txheej siv tau, peb tuaj yeem them rau cov pej xeem pawg, thiab them nyiaj rau pej xeem pawg Chaw nres tsheb, tsis qhib rau pej xeem;
Raws li kev faib tawm ntawm them cov khoom siv nrawm (them nyiaj rau hauv cov nqi them nyiaj sai thiab them qeeb piles; Raws li kev faib tawm ntawm lub thev naus laus zis siv thev naus laus zis, nws tuaj yeem faib ua DC Them Piles thiab AC Them Piles. Feem ntau hais lus, DC Them Piles tau them ntau dua thiab them nyiaj sai dua, thaum ACC yuav them nyiaj qeeb ntxiv.
Hauv Tebchaws Meskas, Them Piles feem ntau muab faib ua ntau qib raws li lub zog, ntawm qib 1 thiabTheem 2Feem ntau AC them rau yuav luag txhua cov tsheb hluav taws xob tshiab, thaum muaj ntau hom yog muab rau cov sib txawv ntawm cov qauv sib txawv xws li J1772, Chademo, Tesla, thiab lwm yam.
Tam sim no, tsis muaj kev sib txuas lus kiag li interfel txheem hauv ntiaj teb. Cov Qauv Interface tseem suav nrog Tuam Tshoj tus GB / T, Nyij Pooj Kev Chamedo, European Union's ANEC Union's IEC 62196, Tebchaws Asmeskas SAE J1772, thiab IEC 62196.
1.2. Kev loj hlob ntawm cov tsheb hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tshiab thiab kev pab cuam tshuam tsav tsheb ua kom muaj kev txhim kho kom ruaj khov ntawm kev them nyiaj hauv kuv lub tebchaws
Kuv lub teb chaws lub tsheb loj tshiab kev lag luam tab tom tsim kho kom sai. Kuv lub teb chaws lub zog hluav taws xob tshiab txuas ntxiv tsim kho, tshwj xeeb txij li 2020, qhov kev nkag tau sai sai ntawm cov tsheb loj tau nce siab tshaj 25%. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov tsheb hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tshiab tseem yuav nce ntxiv. Raws li kev txheeb cais ntawm Ministry of Pej Xeem Kev Ruaj Ntseg, kev sib npaug ntawm cov tsheb hluav taws xob tshiab rau tag nrho cov tsheb hauv 2022 yuav ncav cuag cov lus nug txog 4.1%.
Lub xeev tau tshaj tawm ntau cov cai los txhawb kev txhim kho ntawm kev lag luam pawg pile. Kev muag khoom thiab cov tswv cuab ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob tshiab hauv kuv lub teb chaws txuas ntxiv loj hlob, thiab sib raug zoo, qhov kev thov rau cov chaw them nyiaj txuas ntxiv mus nthuav dav. Hauv qhov no, lub xeev thiab cov chaw ua haujlwm hauv zos tau tshaj tawm cov kev lag luam ntawm kev lag luam pile, suav nrog kev txhawb nqa txoj cai thiab kev coj ua, thiab cov phiaj xwm kev teeb tsa, thiab cov hom phiaj kev siv nyiaj txiag, thiab cov phiaj xwm kev teeb tsa, thiab cov hom phiaj kev ua haujlwm, thiab cov phiaj xwm kev teeb tsa, thiab cov hom phiaj.
Nrog rau kev loj hlob txuas ntxiv ntawm cov zog hluav taws xob tshiab thiab kev ua haujlwm txoj cai, tus naj npawb ntawm kev them nyiaj piles hauv kuv lub teb chaws tseem loj hlob. Raws li lub Plaub Hlis 2023, tus naj npawb ntawm kev them nyiaj piles hauv kuv lub teb chaws yog 6.092 lab. Ntawm lawv, tus naj npawb ntawm cov pej xeem them cov hluav taws xob tau nce los ntawm 52% xyoo-rau-xyoo, ntawm DC Them Nyiaj Txiag rau 42% thiabAc them pilessuav tau rau 58%. Txij li thaum them nyiaj ntiag tug feem ntau yog sib dhos nrog tsheb, kev loj hlob ntawm cov tswv cuab yog ntau dua. Cauj, nrog ib xyoos-nyob rau ib xyoos kev nce qib ntawm 104% rau 4.067 lab cov chav nyob.
Lub tsheb-rau-pawg piv rau hauv kuv lub teb chaws yog 2.5: 1, uas pej xeem lub tsheb-rau-pawg tsheb sib piv yog 7.3: 1. Lub tsheb-rau-pawg piv, uas yog, qhov sib piv ntawm cov tsheb hluav taws xob tshiab los them cov piles. Los ntawm cov kev pom ntawm cov lus nug, los ntawm 2022, tus piv rau cov pawg hauv kuv lub tebchaws yuav muaj kev them nyiaj rau lub zog tshiab tas li. Ntawm lawv, tus piv ntawm pej xeem cov tsheb rau pawg yog 7.3: 1, uas muaj qhov kev tsim kho tshiab thiab tus nqi kev loj hlob tau dhau los ntawm kev tsim kho cov pej xeem ntau dua; Qhov sib piv ntawm cov tsheb ntiag tug rau pawg yog 3.8: 1, uas qhia kev tu ncua. Cov qauv yog feem ntau yog vim muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev cai hauv tebchaws los txhawb nqa cov zej zog ntiag tug hauv zej zog.
Hais txog kev rhuav tshem cov pej xeem them cov piles, tus naj npawb ntawm cov pej xeem AC piles yog li 17.2: 1, uas yog siab dua qhov piv txwv AC piles of 12.6: 1.
Qhov nce ntxiv lub tsheb-rau-pawg piv tau pom tau tias maj mam txhim kho kev txhim kho ib yam nkaus. Los ntawm kev nce ntxiv ntawm kev pom, txij li cov nyiaj them tshiab txhua hli, tsis muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cov tsheb hluav taws xob tshiab, lawv muaj cov kev hloov pauv tshiab hauv lub tsheb lub tsheb tshiab sib txawv. Yog li ntawd, peb hlis ntuj qhib hluav taws xob yog siv los xam cov kev nce ntxiv tsheb-rau-pawg sib piv, uas yog, cov neeg them hluav taws xob ntxiv ntxiv. Xyoo 2023Q1, qhov tshiab ntxiv cov tsheb-rau-pawg sib piv yog 2.5: 1, qhia txoj kev tshav dav dav tag nrho. Ntawm lawv, cov pej xeem cov tsheb tshiab yog 9.8: 1, thiab cov tsheb ntiav tshiab ntxiv yog 3.4: 1, uas kuj qhia tau kev txhim kho tseem ceeb. qauv.
1.3. Kev tsim kho ntawm kev them nyiaj txawv teb chaws tsis zoo tag nrho, thiab cov peev xwm kev loj hlob yog txiav txim siab
1.3.1. Teb chaws Europe: kev txhim kho lub zog tshiab sib txawv, tab sis muaj qhov khoob hauv kev them nyiaj piles
Lub zog hluav taws xob tshiab nyob teb chaws Europe yog tsim kom sai thiab muaj kev nkag siab ntev. Teb chaws Europe yog ib thaj tsam uas txuas qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig hauv lub ntiaj teb. Tsav los ntawm cov cai thiab cov kev tswj hwm, lub tsheb loj tshiab kev lag luam tab tom tsim kho kom sai thiab nkag mus rau lub zog tshiab ntawm lub zog tshiab yog qhov siab. Mus txog 21,2%.
Lub tsheb-rau-pawg piv rau hauv Tebchaws Europe yog siab, thiab muaj qhov sib txawv loj hauv kev them cov chaw. Raws li Iainea txheeb cais, qhov piv ntawm cov tsheb pej xeem ntau haiv neeg yuav muaj 14,4: 1 ntawm kev them nyiaj rau pej xeem tsuas yog them rau 13%. Txawm hais tias European lub tsheb tsim hluav taws xob tshiab yog tsim kom sai, kev tsim kho ntawm cov chaw them nyiaj yuav tsum tau rov qab, thiab muaj cov chaw them rov qab xws li ob peb lub tsheb thauj khoom nrawm.
Kev txhim kho ntawm lub zog tshiab yog qhov tsis sib xws ntawm cov neeg European, thiab cov kev piv ntawm cov tsheb pej xeem rau pawg kuj txawv. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm subdivision, Norway thiab Sweden muaj qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov pawg rau cov pawg neeg nyob hauv 2022, mus txog 32.8: 1 thiab 25.2: 1 thiab 25.0
Lub teb chaws Yelemees, Tebchaws Askiv, thiab Fabkis yog cov tebchaws tsheb loj tshaj plaws hauv Tebchaws Europe, thiab lub zog nkag ntawm lub zog tshiab kuj tseem muaj zog. Hauv 2022, tus nqi ua rau lub zog tshiab rau lub zog hauv Tebchaws Yelemees, Tebchaws Askiv, thiab 17.3: 1, thiab 11.8: 1, feem.
Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov cai, European Union thiab ntau lub tebchaws European tau hais txog kev ua kom tiav cov kev tsim kho kom txhawb nqa cov chaw them nqi.
1.3.2. The United States: Charging facilities need to be developed urgently, and the government and enterprises work together
Raws li ib qho ntawm cov kev lag luam loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb, Asmeskas tau ua kom qeeb qeeb hauv lub zog ntawm lub zog tshiab tshaj li Tuam Tshoj thiab Europe. Hauv 2022, kev muag khoom ntawm cov tsheb hluav taws xob tshiab yuav ntau dua 1 lab, nrog tus nqi nkag mus ntawm txog li 7.0%.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev txhim kho ntawm cov pej xeem them cov cim kev lag luam hauv Tebchaws Meskas kuj tseem qeeb, thiab cov chaw pej xeem them tsis tau tiav. Xyoo 2022, cov feem sib piv ntawm cov tsheb pej xeem rau pawg hauv Tebchaws Meskas yuav yog 23.1: 1, ntawm kev them nyiaj them rau pej xeem ntau rau 21.9%.
Tebchaws Asmeskas thiab qee lub xeev kuj tau thov cov cai stevulus rau them cov chaw them, suav nrog ib qhov project los tsim 500,000 them nyiaj tag nrho US $ 7.5 txhiab nyiaj. Tag nrho cov muaj rau cov xeev NEVI yog $ 615 lab rau kev tsim khoom lag luam xws li Tsoomfwv Meskas cov nqi yuav tsum tau los ntawm Tebchaws Meskas.
Ntxiv rau txoj kev txhawb txoj cai, them cov pab pawg pawg thiab cov tuam txhab Tesla kuj tau txhawb nqa cov chaw them nyiaj, nrog rau lwm tus tuam txhab tsheb sib koom tes thiab tsim cov pawg.
Ntau ntau txoj kev them rau cov tuam txhab thoob ntiaj teb kuj tseem pheej nqis peev hauv Tebchaws Meskas los tsim lub hauv paus tshiab, cov kab lossis cov av ntau lawm los tsim cov khoom lag luam uas them nyiaj hauv Tebchaws Meskas.
2. Nrog kev txhim kho nrawm nrawm ntawm kev lag luam, Overseas them cov pawg ua lag luam yog hloov tau ntau dua
2.1. Cov teeb meem rau kev tsim cov lus dag nyob hauv kev them nyiaj tus nqi, thiab cov kev sib cav mus txawv teb chaws nyob hauv cov ntawv pov thawj qauv
2.1.1. AC pawg muaj qhov tsis tshua muaj kev thaiv, thiab cov tub ntxhais ntawm DC pawg yog qhov hloov tsheb
Kev tsim cov kev tsim ntawm AC them nyiaj yog tsawg, thiab lub twj pob hluav taws hauvDC Phas pilesyog cov tseem ceeb tivthaiv. Los ntawm cov kev pom zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab cov qauv hloov pauv, cov qauv AC / DC kev them nyiaj rau hauv lub tsheb thaum lub tsheb them nyiaj hauv lub tsheb Hauv DC Charging, cov txheej txheem hloov dua siab tshiab los ntawm AC rau DC yuav tsum ua tiav rau hauv cov pawg them, yog li nws yuav tsum tau paub los ntawm kev them nyiaj. Tus nqi them hluav taws xob cuam tshuam rau kev ruaj ntseg ntawm Circuit Court, kev ua tau zoo thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm tag nrho pawg. Nws yog cov tseem ceeb tivthaiv ntawm DC them pawg thiab ib qho ntawm cov cheebtsam nrog cov teeb meem siab tshaj plaws. Them tus neeg xa khoom nrog Huawei, muaj zog, Sinexcel, thiab lwm yam.
2.1.2. Hla dhau cov neeg txawv teb chaws qauv qauv yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev ua lag luam txawv teb chaws
Ntawv pov thawj muaj nyob hauv kev lag luam txawv teb chaws. Tuam Tshoj, Europe, thiab Tebchaws Asmeskas tau tshaj tawm cov qauv ntawv pov thawj cuam tshuam rau kev them nyiaj piles, thiab xeem ua ntej rau kev nkag mus ua lag luam. Tuam Tshoj tus ntawv pov thawj qauv suav nrog CQC, thiab lwm yam, tab sis tsis muaj ntawv pov thawj ua ke rau lub sijhawm. Cov ntawv pov thawj hauv Tebchaws Meskas muaj cov qauv, thiab lwm yam. Daim ntawv pov thawj CE Ntawm tag nrho, qhov nyuaj ntawm cov ntawv pov thawj qauv yog Tebchaws Asmeskas> Europe> Tuam Tshoj.
2.2. Kev Ua Haujlwm: Kev Ua Haujlwm Thaum Kawg, Kev Sib Tw Rog Rog Hauv Tag nrho cov pawg txuas, thiab kev loj hlob txuas ntxiv ntawm qhov chaw
Cov concentration ntawm cov neeg ua hauj lwm them hauv tsev yog qhov tseem ceeb, thiab muaj ntau tus neeg sib tw hauv tag nrho cov pawg txuas, thiab cov txheej txheem yog qhov tshiab. Los ntawm qhov kev pom ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm them rau cov neeg ua haujlwm, xov tooj thiab Xingx Saib tag nrho cov khw los ntawm hauv qab mus rau sab saum toj, ntau yam cov neeg ua haujlwm tau them rau cov khoom lag luam uas sib txawv, thiab lwm yam uas yuav them rau cov chaw tsim khoom tshiab tag nrho Muaj ntau cov tuam ntxhab ntawm tag nrho cov piles hauv Suav teb. Tsuas yog cov qauv sib xyaw ntsug xws li xov tooj thiab lub hnub qub them, tag nrho cov qauv huab tais tau tawg.
Cov naj npawb ntawm cov pej xeem them cov piles hauv kuv lub teb chaws yuav tsum tau txais kev lag luam ntawm lub teb chaws, thiab 202-2025e thiab 2025e lub Cagr of -2030E yog 35.7% thiab 11.6% feem xyuam. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov feem ntawm kev them nyiaj rov qab them nyiaj rov qab them nyiaj rau pej xeem pawg yuav maj mam nce. Nws yog kwv yees tias los ntawm 2030, 47.4% ntawm cov nqi them rau pej xeem pawg yuav tau txais kev them nyiaj rau pej xeem pawg, txuas ntxiv txhim kho cov neeg siv kev paub ntxiv.
2.3. Teb chaws Europe: kev tsim kho ntawm kev them nyiaj piles tau nrawm dua, thiab cov feem ntawm kev them nyiaj sai sai piles ntau zuj zus
Noj UK ua ib qho piv txwv, kev ua lag luam concentring ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm them nyiaj yog qis dua li ntawm Tuam Tshoj. Raws li ib qho ntawm lub teb chaws loj tshiab hauv Tebchaws Europe, tus naj npawb ntawm cov pej xeem them nyiaj hauv tebchaws Askiv, cov kev ua lag luam tshaj plaws yog qis dua li ntawm Suav lag luam. Hauv kev them nyiaj rau pej xeem cov khw lag luam, Ubitricity, Pod Taw, thiab lwm yam. Muaj kev lag luam sib koom ua lag luam, C5 = 45.3% .3%. Pej xeem uas them nyiaj sai sai piles thiab ultra-ceev them cov pales ntawm lawv, incra-supgare, thiab tesla-tshwj xeeb rau ntau dua 10%, thiab CR5 = 52.7%. Ntawm tag nrho pawg Koom ua lag luam xws li Abb, Siemens, Schneider thiab lwm cov tuam txhab kev lag luam uas paub cov txheej txheem ntawm cov kev lag luam pile them los ntawm kev txais kev lag luam. Piv txwv li, BP nrhiav ib qho ntawm cov tsheb hluav taws xob loj tshaj plaws hauv UK hauv 2018. 1. 1. 1)
Hauv 2030, tus naj npawb ntawm cov pej xeem them cov piles hauv Europe yuav tsum tau mus txog 2.38 lab, thiab cov feem ntawm kev them nyiaj sai sai yuav txuas ntxiv ntxiv. Raws li kev kwv yees, los ntawm 2025 thiab 2025 thiab 2030, cov naj npawb ntawm cov pej xeem them hluav taws xob hauv Tebchaws Europe yuav yog 32.8% thiab 14.7% feem. Yuav muaj tus thawj coj, tab sis cov feem ntawm cov pej xeem them nyiaj sai sai no kuj nce ntxiv. Nws yog kwv yees tias los ntawm 2030, 20.2% ntawm cov pej xeem them nyiaj pej xeem yuav rov qab them nyiaj ceev.
2.4. Tebchaws Asmeskas: Chaw ua lag luam yuav yoog tau yooj yim, thiab cov hom hauv zos tam sim no
Lub Chaw Ua Lag Luam Network Kev Lag Luam Kev Lag Luam Kev Lag Luam Hauv Tebchaws Meskas yog siab tshaj qhov hauv Suav teb thiab Europe, thiab hom phiaj hom nyob. Los ntawm qhov kev pom ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm cov chaw them cov chaw network, tus thawj coj ntawm tesla nrog 10.9%, suav nrog qib 2, suav nrog qib blink), ua raws qib li ntawm cov tuam txhab Asmeskas. Los ntawm qhov kev pom ntawm tus lej ntawm kev them cov tswv yim ports, tus nqi them siab dua li lwm cov tuam txhab, suav rau qib 2 thiab DC nrawm), ua raws li cov tuam txhab Asmeskas feem ntau.
Hauv 2030, cov naj npawb ntawm cov pej xeem them cov piles hauv Tebchaws Meskas yuav tsum mus txog 1.38 lab, thiab cov feem ntawm kev them nyiaj rov qab los txuas ntxiv txhim kho. Raws li kev kwv yees, los ntawm 2025 thiab 2025 thiab 2030, tus naj npawb ntawm cov pej xeem them cov piles ntawm Tebchaws Meskas yuav ncav cuag 522-2025E-203060 yuav yog 62.6% thiab 20.2%, feem. Zoo ib yam li cov xwm txheej hauv Tebchaws Europe, qeeb qeeb Piles tseem muaj feem ntau, tab sis qhov sib npaug ntawm cov nqi them nyiaj sai sai yuav txhim kho. Nws yog kwv yees tias los ntawm 2030, 27.5% ntawm cov pej xeem them hluav taws xob yuav tau ceev ceev piles.
2.5. Kev Lag Luam Chaw Sib Xam
Raws li kev txheeb xyuas saum toj no ntawm cov pej xeem them cov kev lag luam pawg neeg 2022-2025e, thiab cov naj npawb ntawm cov nyiaj them hluav taws xob ntxiv rau txhua xyoo yuav muab los ntawm kev sib dhos. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov khoom lag luam tus nqi, kev them nyiaj qeeb me me piles Tus nqi ntawm Domestic 120KW Kev Them Nyiaj Dawb Them yog 50,000-70,000 Yuan / teeb, thaum tus nqi ntawm 120KW ceev-them piles muaj txog 50,000-60,000 nyiaj / teev. Nws yog kwv yees tias los ntawm 2025, tag nrho cov chaw ua lag luam ntawm pej xeem Piles hauv Suav teb, Europe, thiab Tebchaws Asmeskas yuav ncav cuag 71.06 billion yuan.
3. Tsom xam cov tuam txhab tseem ceeb
Cov tuam txhab txawv teb chaws nyob rau hauv kev lag luam thav duab suav nrog tus cwj pwm, pob kws, pob zeb, thiab lwm yam autel, sinexcel,Tuam Tshoj, Tgood, Gresgying, thiab lwm yam ntawm lawv, Tsev tuam txhab lag luam pawg hauv tsev kuj tau ua qee qhov kev nce qib hauv kev mus ncig txawv teb chaws. Piv txwv li, qee cov khoom lag luam ntawm Tuam Tshoj tau tau txais UL, CSA, Lub Cim Qub Star Star hauv Tebchaws Meskas thiab UKCA, nruab nrab ntawm European Union. Tuam Tshoj tau nkag mus rau BP sau ntawm them cov roj txuas thiab cov chaw tsim khoom.
Lub Sijhawm Post: Jul-10-2023